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Adaptable open-ended toys

Tools can be manipulated.  They can be anything.  A piece of driftwood can be a little table for a doll that you’ve made.  This would conserve as a building thing.  So the tools are, I think, mostly from nature.  Very often it’s pieces of bamboo, pieces of wood, shovels are tools.  Rubber mallets are tools.  Stumps are tools.  We can move stumps and then we can step on them.  We can use our imagination.  Things can become other things.  The trouble with the toys there’s usually only one way to use them.  I don’t see any value in that at all.

Things to think about

How many things in your classroom come from nature?
Do you have several of the same tools for children?
Do you have lots of clay in your program?
What other items do you bring to the children that can be changed?

Highlights from Playful Wisdom
by Michael Mendizza featuring Bev Bos and Joseph Chilton Pearce

A number of years ago, research emerged describing how different the state of reality is for children in terms of brainwave frequencies—Beta, Alpha, Theta, Delta and Gamma—and for adults. We are so enchanted by the virtual reality between our ears that we faintly recognize that the state of our brain plays a profound role in what we experience. Every morning we reach for that double espresso to kickstart us from our dreamy, almost-awake state to another. Imagine spending all day in the twilight between being awake and dreaming. That is the reality the early child lives in. Beta (14-40Hz) brainwaves are associated with normal waking consciousness and a heightened state of alertness, logic and critical reasoning. Alpha (7.5-14Hz), the deep relaxation wave, is when we are in a state of physical and mental relaxation but still aware of what is happening; its frequency is around 7 to 13 pulses per second. Theta (4-7.5Hz), are present during deep meditation and light sleep, including REM dream states. It is the realm of the subconscious and is generally experienced as you drift off to sleep (from Alpha) and wake from sleep (from Delta). Delta (0.5-4Hz), the deep sleep state, is the slowest of the frequencies experienced in deep, dreamless sleep and in very deep meditation where awareness is fully detached. Gamma (above 40Hz), newly discovered, is the insight wave and is the fastest frequency at or above 40Hz associated with bursts of insight and high-level information processing.

Guess which state newborns and children up to age two live in? Delta, the realm of the unconscious, gateway to the universal and the collective unconscious, where the impressions received are generally not available to our waking consciousness. Montessori described the “absorbent mind” of the early child. “Unquestioned acceptance of the given” was Piaget’s term. Adults are usually in Beta, our normal waking consciousness. The early child is in Delta. In adult terms, it is as if the early child lives in a hypnotic trance of heightened suggestibility. Analysis and reasoning, which our directives imply, don’t register. The child of the dream is absorbing, without question, experiences directly into his or her vast subconscious mind, which represents 90 to 95 percent of our total brain-mind activity, whereas active analysis and reasoning, our normal adult state, represents only 5 to 10 percent of our brain-mind activity. What is called “the terrible two’s” is, to a large extent, the frustration that comes from the radical disconnect between the state of the child of the dream and our adult reality. This child of the dream disconnect continues up to age five and six.

For me the difference between tools and toys is that tools can be manipulated.  They can be anything.  A piece of driftwood can be a little table for a doll that you’ve made.  This would conserve as a building thing.  So the tools are, I think, mostly from nature.  Very often it’s pieces of bamboo, pieces of wood, shovels are tools.  Rubber mallets are tools.  Stumps are tools.  We can move stumps and then we can step on them.  We can use our imagination.  Things can become other things.  The trouble with the toys there’s usually only one way to use them.  I don’t see any value in that at all.  I’m trying to think a box may be considered toys.  I think they’re more a tool than a toy.  You couldn’t have too many blocks.  But there’s a huge difference between tools and toys.  One of the things that people say in books, it just occurred to me, one of the things that people always ask in the workshop is what if two kids want the same toy?  And I always say stop buying toys.  Get the things that you can use a lot of.

The plastic jars that we have, the rubber hose, the rubber surgical tubes, all of those things, you can have lots of that stuff so everybody can have one.  Everybody can use them.  Toys are very different.  Toys are very, very, very limiting.  If you have any sense about watching a kid with a toy, the interest in the toy generally lasts about oh maybe 10 minutes and then you just can’t get them to do it again.  It’s because it can’t be changed.  It’s can’t be made.  I think in order for something to belong to you, you have to be able to change it.   You have to adapt it to make it your own.  You have to play around with it just like we play around with relationships.  You’ve got to play around with that.  You’ve got to have tools.  I also think that one of the greatest tools there is is the red clay, the big wonderful soft red clay.  It can be manipulated.  You know parents think that play dough is better but the fact is that red clay is earth and it sweeps up just wonderfully when it dries.  But that’s a wonderful tool.  One of the things that we do at this school is we put out 250 pounds of red clay on a piece of plastic that’s been duct taped down.  It is the most magnificent thing for their hands.  One of the things I want kids to do is to go deep.  I don’t want just surface play.  And that one of the things you see with toys, it doesn’t go deep.  It doesn’t last very long.  I have seen children go to that great big pile of clay and stay there for 35-40 minutes, sometimes an hour.  That’s really important to me.

I think sand is the greatest tool there is.  It’s the miracle.  PVC pipe, tubes, ladders, ladders that can be used in so many ways, as a bridge across something, things that can be changed, used.   You know what I think about, which you notice when we’re talking about this, it’s natural things.  Things that we would find outside.  Things … hauled home from the river or the beach.  When I go to the beach once a year there’s this place where there’s just tremendous amounts of driftwood and people always say you shouldn’t take it but there’s so much.  It is the greatest gift I bring home to the children at the school, piles of driftwood.  They carry it around.  They’re developing their bodies.  Rope is another tool.  They strap things together.  They hook things together.  Just things that they can use to change the way they’re doing things.